Multi-frequency transceiver and base station

ABSTRACT

Embodiments disclose a multi-frequency transceiver and a base station. The multi-frequency transceiver is connected to an antenna, and includes: at least one transmit multiplexer, where each transmit multiplexer includes multiple transmit paths, and each transmit path is used to transmit one frequency band by using the antenna; and at least one receive multiplexer, where each receive multiplexer includes multiple receive paths, and each receive path is used to receive one frequency band by using the antenna.

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No.15/180,687, filed on Jun. 13, 2016, which is a continuation ofInternational Application No. PCT/CN2013/089338, filed on Dec. 13, 2013.All of the afore-mentioned patent applications are hereby incorporatedby reference in their entireties.

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to the field of wireless communications,and in particular, to a multi-frequency transceiver and a base station.

BACKGROUND

With the development of broadband multi-frequency technologies, onetransceiver of a base station can support multiple frequency bands. In acurrent technology, a traditional transceiver duplex apparatus is usedto perform receiving and transmitting processing in the multiplefrequency bands. 2T4R (T represents transmitting, and R representsreceiving) in three frequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600 is used as anexample. It can be known from FIG. 1a that, to implement the function of2T4R, four multiplexers are disposed in a transceiver of a base station,which are a sixplexer, a triplexer, a triplexer, and a sixplexer fromtop to bottom, where the two sixplexers may be configured to receive andtransmit radio frequency signals in different frequency bandssimultaneously. In the current technology, channel arrangement of thetwo sixplexers is as follows: 1800RX (used to receive a signal in the1800 frequency band), 1800TX (used to transmit a signal in the 1800frequency band), 2100RX (used to receive a signal in the 2100 frequencyband), 2100TX (used to transmit a signal in the 2100 frequency band),2600RX (used to receive a signal in the 2600 frequency band), and 2600TX(used to transmit a signal in the 2600 frequency band). Further, asshown in FIG. 1a , the four multiplexers of a transceiver module of thebase station are respectively connected to four ports (which areseparately ANT1, ANT2, ANT3, and ANT4 in FIG. 1a ) of an antenna, so asto implement signal receiving and transmitting in different arraydirections of the antenna. Further, referring to FIG. 1b , the antennais represented by an antenna plane, where each “x” in FIG. 1b representstwo polarization directions of one column of antennas. Four small blocksbelow the antenna plane in FIG. 1b are separately corresponding to ANT1,ANT2, ANT3, and ANT4 in FIG. 1a . T/R1 in FIG. 1b represents a receiveand transmit interface of the sixplexer that is in FIG. 1a and that isconnected to ANT1, and six arrows under T/R1 represent receive andtransmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:1800RX-1800TX-2100RX-2100TX-2600RX-2600TX) of the sixplexer. R3 in FIG.1b represents a receive interface of the triplexer that is in FIG. 1aand that is connected to ANT2, and arrows under R3 represent receivefrequency bands (which are arranged as: 1800RX-2100RX-2600RX) of thetriplexer. R4 in FIG. 1b represents a receive interface of the triplexerthat is in FIG. 1a and that is connected to ANT3, and arrows under R4represent receive frequency bands (which are arranged as:1800RX-2100RX-2600RX) of the triplexer. T/R2 in FIG. 1b represents areceive and transmit interface of the sixplexer that is in FIG. 1a andthat is connected to ANT4, and six arrows under T/R2 represent receiveand transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:1800RX-1800TX-2100RX-2100TX-2600RX-2600TX) of the sixplexer. In thecurrent technology, receiving and transmitting in all frequency bands ofa base station are implemented by using a multiplexer. Because receivingand transmitting in a same frequency band and receiving and transmittingin different frequency bands are integrated and a requirement forseparation between receiving and transmitting is relatively high, agreat difficulty is brought to multiplexer design.

SUMMARY

In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide amulti-frequency transceiver and a base station, which can reduce adifficulty of a design technology of a multiplexer.

A first aspect of the embodiments provides a multi-frequencytransceiver, connected to an antenna. The transceiver may include atleast one transmit multiplexer, where each transmit multiplexer includesmultiple transmit paths, and each transmit path is used to transmit asignal in one frequency band by using the antenna. The transceiver mayalso include at least one receive multiplexer, where each receivemultiplexer includes multiple receive paths, and each receive path isused to receive a signal in one frequency band by using the antenna.

With reference to the first aspect, in a first feasible implementationmanner, each transmit multiplexer includes a transmit path of eachfrequency band in N frequency bands, and each receive multiplexerincludes a receive path of each frequency band in the N frequency bands,where N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.

With reference to the first feasible implementation manner of the firstaspect, in a second feasible implementation manner, the at least onetransmit multiplexer includes two transmit multiplexers, and eachtransmit multiplexer includes a transmit path of each frequency band inthree frequency bands; and the at least one receive multiplexer includesfour receive multiplexers, and each receive multiplexer includes areceive path of each frequency band in the three frequency bands.

A second aspect of the embodiments provides a multi-frequencytransceiver, where the multi-frequency transceiver is connected to anantenna and includes multiple multiplexers. Each multiplexer includes: asingle transmit path, used to transmit a signal in one frequency band byusing the antenna; and at least one receive path, where each receivepath is used to receive a signal in one frequency band by using theantenna.

With reference to the second aspect, in a first feasible implementationmanner, a frequency band transmitted by the transmit path is the same asa frequency band received by a receive path in the at least one receivepath.

With reference to the second aspect, in a second feasible implementationmanner, a frequency band transmitted by the transmit path is differentfrom a frequency band received by any receive path in the at least onereceive path.

With reference to the first or second feasible implementation manner ofthe second aspect, in a third possible feasible implementation manner, afrequency band received by each receive path is different from afrequency band received by any other receive path in the at least onereceive path.

With reference to the third feasible implementation manner of the secondaspect, in a fourth feasible implementation manner, the multiplemultiplexers include at least N multiplexers, in each multiplexer of theN multiplexers, a frequency band transmitted by a transmit path is oneof N frequency bands, each receive path is one of the N frequency bands,and a frequency band transmitted by a transmit path in each multiplexeris different from a frequency band transmitted by a transmit path in anyother multiplexer in the N multiplexers, where N is a positive integergreater than or equal to 2.

With reference to the fourth feasible implementation manner of thesecond aspect, in a fifth feasible implementation manner, the Nmultiplexers include at least M multiplexers, and each multiplexer inthe M multiplexers includes a same quantity of receive paths, where M isa positive integer less than N.

With reference to the fourth feasible implementation manner of thesecond aspect, in a sixth feasible implementation manner, the Nmultiplexers include at least one multiplexer in which a quantity ofreceive paths is different from a quantity of receive paths in anotherat least one multiplexer in the N multiplexers.

With reference to the fourth feasible implementation manner of thesecond aspect, in a seventh feasible implementation manner, in the Nmultiplexers, a total quantity of receive paths that receive anyfrequency band in the N frequency bands is the same.

With reference to the fourth feasible implementation manner of thesecond aspect, in an eighth feasible implementation manner, the Nfrequency bands include at least one frequency band, a total quantity ofreceive paths that receive the frequency band in the N multiplexers isdifferent from a total quantity of receive paths that receive anotherfrequency band in the N frequency bands in the N multiplexers.

A third aspect of the embodiments provides a base station, including anymulti-frequency transceiver according to the first aspect, the first andthe second feasible implementation manners of the first aspect, thesecond aspect, and the first to the eighth feasible implementationmanners of the second aspect.

A third aspect of the embodiments provides a base station, where thebase station may include the multi-frequency transceiver described inthe embodiments.

It can be learned from the above that, in some feasible implementationmanners of the present invention, a multiplexer used in amulti-frequency transceiver is configured to only transmit a signal ineach frequency band supported by the multi-frequency transceiver, or isconfigured to only receive a signal in each frequency band supported bythe multi-frequency transceiver, or is configured to only transmit asignal in one frequency band of the multi-frequency transceiver andreceive signals (which include or do not include a signal that is in asame frequency band as the transmitted signal) in multiple frequencybands supported by the multi-frequency transceiver. In this way, inembodiments of the present invention, an impact on a receive path of afrequency band by a transmit path of a neighboring frequency band can beeliminated, a requirement for suppression of a filter of a multiplexeris reduced, and reducing of the suppression can reduce an insertion lossof the multiplexer, especially an insertion loss of an edge of themultiplexer, so that a difficulty of multiplexer design is reduced.Separation between receiving and transmitting by using differentmultiplexers can reduce an intermodulation requirement on an antenna. Inaddition, when there is transmission of only one frequency band on eachmultiplexer, transmission in each frequency band can be electricallytilted independently.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anexisting transceiver;

FIG. 1b is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a multiplexerand an antenna port that are of the transceiver in FIG. 1 a;

FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anembodiment of a multi-frequency transceiver according to theembodiments;

FIG. 2b is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a multiplexerand an antenna port that are of the multi-frequency transceiver in FIG.2 a;

FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anembodiment of a multi-frequency transceiver according to theembodiments;

FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a multiplexerand an antenna port that are of the multi-frequency transceiver in FIG.3 a;

FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anembodiment of a multi-frequency transceiver according to theembodiments; and

FIG. 4b is a schematic diagram of a correspondence between a multiplexerand an antenna port that are of the multi-frequency transceiver in FIG.4 a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF ILLUSTRATIVE EMBODIMENTS

An embodiment provides a first multi-frequency transceiver, where themulti-frequency transceiver is connected to an antenna and may include:at least one transmit multiplexer, where each transmit multiplexerincludes multiple transmit paths, and each transmit path is used totransmit a signal in one frequency band by using the antenna; and atleast one receive multiplexer, where each receive multiplexer includesmultiple receive paths, and each receive path is used to receive asignal in one frequency band by using the antenna.

In some feasible implementation manners, each transmit multiplexerincludes a transmit path of each frequency band in N frequency bands,and each receive multiplexer includes a receive path of each frequencyband in the N frequency bands, where N is a positive integer greaterthan or equal to 2. For example, N may be 3, and the three frequencybands may be 1800, 2100, and 2600 separately. In this way, each transmitmultiplexer includes transmit paths of the 1800, 2100, and 2600frequency bands, and each receive multiplexer includes receive paths ofthe 1800, 2100, and 2600 frequency bands.

In some feasible implementation manners, the at least one transmitmultiplexer includes two transmit multiplexers, and each transmitmultiplexer includes a transmit path of each frequency band in threefrequency bands; and the at least one receive multiplexer includes fourreceive multiplexers, and each receive multiplexer includes a receivepath of each frequency band in the three frequency bands. Correspondingto the three frequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600, each transmitmultiplexer of the two transmit multiplexers may include a 1800 transmitpath (1800TX), a 2100 transmit path (2100TX), and a 2600 transmit path(2600TX). Each receive multiplexer of the four receive multiplexersincludes a 1800 receive path (1800RX), a 2100 receive path (2100RX), anda 2600 receive path (2600RX). A person skilled in the art shouldunderstand that, in a specific implementation process, quantities oftransmit multiplexers and receive multiplexers that are in amulti-frequency transceiver may be set according to a specificrequirement (for example, a quantity of frequency bands that need to besupported, and quantities of transmit paths and receive paths that arein each frequency band).

The following exemplarily describes a compositional structure of thefirst multi-frequency transceiver of the present invention by using theaccompanying drawings and a specific embodiment.

FIG. 2a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anembodiment of a multi-frequency transceiver. In specific implementation,a multi-frequency transceiver 2 in this embodiment may include m1transmit multiplexers 21 and n1 receive multiplexers 22 (where m1 and n1are positive integers, and for ease of subsequent description, in FIG.2a , a value of m1 is 2 and a value of n1 is 4), and each transmitmultiplexer 21 or each receive multiplexer 22 is connected to one port(the port is ANT1, . . . , ANTN in FIG. 2a , where N is m1+n1, and whenthe value of m1 is 2 and the value of n1 is 4, a value of N in FIG. 2ais 6) of an antenna, so as to receive or transmit a radio frequencysignal in each frequency band in different array directions of theantenna. m1 and n1 enables the multi-frequency transceiver 2 toimplement an architecture of m1Tn1R (which indicates that themulti-frequency transceiver 2 can implement m1 transmit channels and n1receive channels). Further, as shown in FIG. 2a , both the transmitmultiplexer 21 and the receive multiplexer 22 may be k1-plexers, wherek1 represents a quantity of frequency bands that are supported by themulti-frequency transceiver 2, for example, k1 may be 3, 4, or anothervalue. In specific implementation, a specific frequency band supportedby the multi-frequency transceiver in this embodiment may be determinedaccording to a network requirement. For ease of description, in FIG. 2a, an example in which a value of k1 is 3, and the three frequency bandsmay be 1800, 2100, and 2600 separately is used.

In specific implementation, the transmit multiplexer 21 in thisembodiment includes multiple transmit paths, and each transmit path isused to transmit one frequency band by using the antenna. For example,when the value of k1 is 3 and supported frequency bands are 1800, 2100,and 2600, the transmit multiplexer 21 includes three transmit paths, andthe three transmit paths respectively transmit signals in the threefrequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600. The receive multiplexer 22includes multiple receive paths, and each receive path is used toreceive one frequency band by using the antenna. For example, when thevalue of k1 is 3 and supported frequency bands are 1800, 2100, and 2600,the receive multiplexer 22 includes three receive paths, and the threereceive paths respectively receive signals in the three frequency bands1800, 2100, and 2600. In specific implementation, a 1800 receivefrequency band is generally frequencies of 1710-1785, a 1800 transmitfrequency band is generally frequencies of 1805-1880, a 2100 receivefrequency band is generally frequencies of 1920-1980, a 2100 transmitfrequency band is generally frequencies of 2110-2170, a 2600 receivefrequency band is generally frequencies of 2500-2570, and a 2600transmit frequency band is generally frequencies of 2620-2690.

Further, FIG. 2b is another representation manner of the architecture ofFIG. 2a . In FIG. 2b , an antenna is represented by an antenna plane,and each “x” in FIG. 2b represents two polarization directions of onecolumn of antennas, and small blocks below the antenna plane in FIG. 2bare respectively ports ANT1, . . . , ANTN of the antenna. For ease ofdescription, in FIG. 2b , a value of N is 6 and the value of k1 is 3. T1in FIG. 2b represents a transmit interface of a triplexer that is inFIG. 2a and that is connected to ANT1, and three arrows under T1represent transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:1800TX-2100TX-2600TX) of the triplexer. R1 in FIG. 2b represents areceive interface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 2a and that isconnected to ANT2, and arrows under R1 represent receive frequency bands(which are arranged as: 1800RX-2100RX-2600RX) of the triplexer. R2 inFIG. 2b represents a receive interface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 2aand that is connected to ANT3, and arrows under R2 represent receivefrequency bands (which are arranged as: 1800RX-2100RX-2600RX) of thetriplexer. T2 in FIG. 2b represents a transmit interface of a triplexerthat is in FIG. 2a and that is connected to ANT4, and three arrows underT2 represent transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:1800TX-2100TX-2600TX) of the triplexer. R3 in FIG. 2b represents areceive interface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 2a and that isconnected to ANT5, and three arrows under R3 represent receive frequencybands (which are arranged as: 1800RX-2100RX-2600RX) of the triplexer. R4in FIG. 2b represents a receive interface of a triplexer that is in FIG.2a and that is connected to ANT6, and three arrows under R4 representreceive frequency bands (which are arranged as: 1800RX-2100RX-2600RX) ofthe triplexer. It should be noted that, FIG. 2a and FIG. 2b are astructure of 2T4R of a multi-frequency transceiver in which m1 is 2, n1is 4, and k1 is 3. In specific implementation, according to differentvalues of m1, n1, and k1, quantities of transmit multiplexers andreceive multiplexers that are included in the multi-frequencytransceiver may be different, and quantities of frequency bands that arespecifically transmitted by the transmit multiplexer or received by thereceive multiplexer are also different. However, the embodiment shown inFIG. 2a and FIG. 2b shows a technical solution in which multi-frequencytransmitting and multi-frequency receiving are totally separated byusing different multiplexers. It can be known from FIG. 2b that, becausethe multi-frequency transceiver in this embodiment totally separatesreceiving and transmitting of signals in multiple frequency bands byusing different multiplexers, in this way, an interval between frequencyband signals on each multiplexer is increased. For example, for threefrequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600, in specific implementation, a 1800receive frequency band is generally frequencies of 1710-1785, a 1800transmit frequency band is generally frequencies of 1805-1880, a 2100receive frequency band is generally frequencies of 1920-1980, a 2100transmit frequency band is generally frequencies of 2110-2170, a 2600receive frequency band is generally frequencies of 2500-2570, and a 2600transmit frequency band is generally frequencies of 2620-2690.Therefore, when the multi-frequency transceiver shown in FIG. 2a of thisembodiment of the present invention is used to separate a receivefrequency band and a transmit frequency band, compared with a solutionin the prior art that receiving and transmitting of a same frequencyband and receiving and transmitting of different frequency bands are allintegrated, an interval between frequency bands on each multiplexer of atransceiver is increased (to be specific: an interval between frequencybands of each multiplexer in FIG. 2b is larger than that in FIG. 1b ).Therefore, the multi-frequency transceiver shown in FIG. 2a of thisembodiment of the present invention reduces a requirement forsuppression of a transceiver filter channel of a multiplexer. Inaddition, because a frequency interval between frequency bandstransmitted or frequency bands received on a same multiplexer isenlarged, a quantity of cavities of a filter of the multiplexer may bereduced, which facilitates multiplexer miniaturization, and in this way,an accompanying insertion loss is also reduced. In addition, afterreceiving and transmitting are separated, an intermodulation requirementon an antenna is also reduced, and a performance requirement on amulti-antenna of a multi-frequency transceiver is also reduced, so thatcosts of an antenna that is used are also reduced.

An embodiment further provides a second multi-frequency transceiver,which is connected to an antenna and includes multiple multiplexers.Each multiplexer includes: a single transmit path, used to transmit asignal in one frequency band by using the antenna; and at least onereceive path, where each receive path is used to receive a signal in onefrequency band by using the antenna. It can be easily understood that,each multiplexer included in the second multi-frequency transceiverincludes both a transmit path and a receive path, and therefore, thistype of multiplexer may be called a transceiver multiplexer.

In some feasible implementation manners, a frequency band transmitted bythe transmit path is the same as a frequency band received by a receivepath in the at least one receive path. For example, both a transmit pathand a receive path that are of a 1800 frequency band may be set in onemultiplexer. In this case, the multiplexer may include only the transmitpath and the receive path that are of the 1800 frequency band, or areceive path of another frequency band may be set in the multiplexer,for example, a receive path of a 2100 frequency band. A person skilledin the art should understand that, although both the transmit path andthe receive path that are of the 1800 frequency band are set in themultiplexer, frequency ranges of the transmit path and the receive pathare different. For example, a frequency range of the transmit path inthe 1800 frequency band is 1805-1880, and the receive frequency band isgenerally 1710-1785.

In some feasible implementation manners, a frequency band transmitted bythe transmit path is different from a frequency band received by anyreceive path in the at least one receive path. For example, in additionto a transmit path of an 1800 frequency band, receive paths of a 2100frequency band and a 2600 frequency band may also be set in onemultiplexer.

In some feasible implementation manners, a frequency band received byeach receive path is different from a frequency band received by anyother receive path in the at least one receive path. For example, inaddition to a receive path of an 1800 frequency band, a receive path ofa 2100 frequency band and a receive path of a 2600 frequency band mayalso be separately set in one multiplexer.

In some feasible implementation manners, the multiple multiplexersinclude at least N multiplexers, in each multiplexer of the Nmultiplexers, a frequency band transmitted by a transmit path is one ofN frequency bands, each receive path is one of the N frequency bands,and a frequency band transmitted by a transmit path in each multiplexeris different from a frequency band transmitted by a transmit path in anyother multiplexer in the N multiplexers, where N is a positive integergreater than or equal to 2. For example, to implement receiving andtransmitting of three frequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600, threemultiplexers may be set. A transmit path of the 1800 frequency band andreceive paths of the 2100 and 2600 frequency bands are set in a firstmultiplexer. A transmit path of the 2100 frequency band and receivepaths of the 1800 and 2600 frequency bands are set in a secondmultiplexer. A transmit path of the 2600 frequency band and receivepaths of the 1800 and 2100 frequency bands are set in a thirdmultiplexer.

In some feasible implementation manners, the N multiplexers include atleast M multiplexers, and each multiplexer in the M multiplexer includesa same quantity of receive paths, where M is a positive integer lessthan N. For example, to implement receiving and transmitting of threefrequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600, three multiplexers may be set. Atransmit path of the 1800 frequency band and receive paths of the 2100and 2600 frequency bands are set in a first multiplexer. A transmit pathof the 2100 frequency band and receive paths of the 1800 and 2600frequency bands are set in a second multiplexer. A transmit path of the2600 frequency band and receive paths of the 1800 and 2100 frequencybands are set in a third multiplexer. In this case, each multiplexerincludes two receive paths.

In some feasible implementation manners, the N multiplexers include atleast one multiplexer in which a quantity of receive paths is differentfrom a quantity of receive paths in another at least one multiplexer inthe N multiplexers. For example, to implement receiving and transmittingof three frequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600, three multiplexers may beset. A transmit path of the 1800 frequency band and a receive path ofthe 2100 frequency band are set in a first multiplexer. A transmit pathof the 2100 frequency band and receive paths of the 1800 and 2600frequency bands are set in a second multiplexer. A transmit path of the2600 frequency band and a receive path of the 1800 frequency band areset in a third multiplexer.

In some feasible implementation manners, in the N multiplexers, a totalquantity of receive paths that receive any frequency band in the Nfrequency bands is the same. For example, to implement receiving andtransmitting of three frequency bands 1800, 2100, and 2600, threemultiplexers may be set. A transmit path of the 1800 frequency band andreceive paths of the 2100 and 2600 frequency bands are set in a firstmultiplexer. A transmit path of the 2100 frequency band and receivepaths of the 1800 and 2600 frequency bands are set in a secondmultiplexer. A transmit path of the 2600 frequency band and receivepaths of the 1800 and 2100 frequency bands are set in a thirdmultiplexer. In this case, in a transceiver that includes the foregoingthree multiplexers, total quantities of receive paths of the 1800, 2100,and 2600 frequency bands are all two.

In some feasible implementation manners, the N frequency bands includeat least one frequency band, a total quantity of receive paths thatreceive the frequency band in the N multiplexers is different from atotal quantity of receive paths that receive another frequency band inthe N frequency bands in the N multiplexers. For example, to implementreceiving and transmitting of three frequency bands 1800, 2100, and2600, three multiplexers may be set. A transmit path of the 1800frequency band and a receive path of the 2100 frequency band are set ina first multiplexer. A transmit path of the 2100 frequency band andreceive paths of the 1800 and 2600 frequency bands are set in a secondmultiplexer. A transmit path of the 2600 frequency band and a receivepath of the 1800 frequency band are set in a third multiplexer.Therefore, in a transceiver that includes the foregoing threemultiplexers, there are two receive paths of 1800, one receive path ofthe 2100 frequency band, and one receive path of the 2600 frequencyband. A person skilled in the art should understand that, in a specificimplementation process, a quantity of transceiver multiplexers in amulti-frequency transceiver may be set according to a specificrequirement (for example, a quantity of frequency bands that need to besupported, and quantities of transmit paths and receive paths that arein each frequency band).

The following exemplarily describes a compositional structure of thesecond multi-frequency transceiver by using the accompanying drawingsand a specific embodiment.

FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anotherembodiment of a multi-frequency transceiver. In specific implementation,a multi-frequency transceiver 3 in this embodiment of the presentinvention may include m2 transceiver multiplexers 31 (where m2 is apositive integer and represents a quantity of connected channels betweena multiplexer and an antenna array, and for ease of subsequentdescription, in FIG. 3a , a value of m2 is 6), and each transceivermultiplexer 31 is connected to a port (ANT1, . . . , ANTN in FIG. 3a ,where N=m2) of an antenna, so as to receive or transmit a radiofrequency signal in each frequency band in different array directions ofthe antenna. Further, as shown in FIG. 3a , all the transceivermultiplexers 31 may be k2-plexers, where k2 represents all frequencybands that are supported by the multi-frequency transceiver 3, forexample, k2 may be 3, 4, or another value. In specific implementation, aspecific frequency band supported by the multi-frequency transceiver inthis embodiment may be determined according to a network requirement.For ease of description, in FIG. 3a , an example in which a value of k2is 3, and the three frequency bands may be 1800, 2100, and 2600separately is used.

In specific implementation, the transceiver multiplexer 31 in thisembodiment may include a single transmit path, which is used to transmitone frequency band by using the antenna, and meanwhile, the transceivermultiplexer 31 further includes at least one receive path, where eachreceive path is used to receive one frequency band by using the antenna,and in this embodiment, the frequency band received by the transceivermultiplexer 31 and the transmitted frequency band are differentfrequency bands. For example, when the value of k2 is 3 and thesupported frequency bands are 1800, 2100, and 2600, the transceivermultiplexer 31 includes a transmit path used to transmit a signal in the1800 frequency band, and further includes receive paths that receivesignals in the 2100 frequency band and the 2600 frequency band; or thetransceiver multiplexer 31 may include a transmit path used to transmita signal in the 2100 frequency band, and further include receive pathsthat receive signals in the 1800 frequency band and the 2600 frequencyband; or the transceiver multiplexer 31 may include a transmit path usedto transmit a signal in the 2600 frequency band, and further includereceive paths that receive signals in the 2100 frequency band and the1800 frequency band. Specifically, reference may be made to FIG. 3a .When the value of m2 is 6, the six transceiver multiplexers 31 may beclassified into three multiplexer groups, and each multiplexer groupincludes two multiplexers. A transceiver multiplexer 31 connected to anantenna port ANT1 and a transceiver multiplexer 31 connected to anantenna port ANT4 are a first group, and receive and transmit frequencybands of the first group of transceiver multiplexers 31 are arranged as:2600RX-2100RX-1800TX. A transceiver multiplexer 31 connected to anantenna port ANT2 and a transceiver multiplexer 31 connected to anantenna port ANT5 are a second group, and receive and transmit frequencybands of the second group of transceiver multiplexers 31 are arrangedas: 2600RX-2100TX-1800RX. A transceiver multiplexer 31 connected to anantenna port ANT3 and a transceiver multiplexer 31 connected to anantenna port ANT6 are a third group, and receive and transmit frequencybands of the third group of transceiver multiplexers 31 are arranged as:2600TX-1800RX-2100RX. In addition, in this embodiment, each multiplexerincludes a same quantity of receive paths. In addition, total quantitiesof receive paths of all frequency bands are the same.

Further, FIG. 3b is another representation manner of the architecture ofFIG. 3a . In FIG. 3b , an antenna is represented by an antenna plane,and each “x” in FIG. 3b represents two polarization directions of onecolumn of antennas, and small blocks below the antenna plane in FIG. 3bare respectively ports ANT1, . . . , ANTN of the antenna. For ease ofdescription, in FIG. 3b , a value of N is 6 and the value of k2 is 3.T/R1 in FIG. 3b represents a receive and transmit interface of atriplexer that is in FIG. 3a and that is connected to ANT1, and threearrows under T/R1 represent receive and transmit frequency bands (whichare arranged as: 2600RX-2100RX-1800TX) of the triplexer. T/R2 in FIG. 3brepresents a receive and transmit interface of a triplexer that is inFIG. 3a and that is connected to ANT2, and arrows under T/R2 representreceive and transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:2600RX-2100TX-1800RX) of the triplexer. T/R3 in FIG. 3b represents areceive and transmit interface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 3a andthat is connected to ANT3, and arrows under T/R3 represent receive andtransmit frequency bands (which are arranged as: 2600TX-1800RX-2100RX)of the triplexer. T/R4 in FIG. 3b represents a receive and transmitinterface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 3a and that is connected toANT4, and three arrows under T/R4 represent receive and transmitfrequency bands (which are arranged as: 2600RX-2100RX-1800TX) of thetriplexer. T/R5 in FIG. 3b represents a receive and transmit interfaceof a triplexer that is in FIG. 3a and that is connected to ANT5, andarrows under T/R5 represent receive and transmit frequency bands (whichare arranged as: 2600RX-2100TX-1800RX) of the triplexer. T/R6 in FIG. 3brepresents a receive and transmit interface of a triplexer that is inFIG. 3a and that is connected to ANT6, and arrows under T/R6 representreceive and transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:2600TX-1800RX-2100RX) of the triplexer. It should be noted that, FIG. 3aand FIG. 3b are a structure of a multi-frequency transceiver by using anexample in which m2 is 6 and k2 is 3. In specific implementation,according to different values of m2 and k2, a quantity of transceivermultiplexers included in the multi-frequency transceiver may bedifferent, and quantities of frequencies that are specificallytransmitted and received by each transceiver multiplexer are alsodifferent. However, the embodiment shown in FIG. 3a shows that atransmit frequency and a receive frequency that are of a multiplexer areset in an inter-frequency manner, and an interval between frequencies oneach multiplexer is increased, and therefore, when the multi-frequencytransceiver shown in FIG. 3a of this embodiment of the present inventionis used, compared with a solution that receiving and transmitting of asame frequency band and receiving and transmitting of differentfrequency bands are all integrated, an interval between frequency bandson each multiplexers is increased (to be specific: an interval betweenfrequency bands of each multiplexer in FIG. 3b is larger than that inFIG. 1b ). Therefore, the multi-frequency transceiver shown in FIG. 3aof this embodiment of the present invention reduces a requirement forsuppression of a transceiver filter channel of a multiplexer. Inaddition, because a frequency interval between frequency bandstransmitted or frequency bands received on a same multiplexer isenlarged, a quantity of cavities of a filter of the multiplexer may bereduced, which facilitates multiplexer miniaturization, and in this way,an accompanying insertion loss is also reduced. In addition, afterreceiving and transmitting are separated, an intermodulation requirementon an antenna is also reduced, and a performance requirement on amulti-antenna of a multi-frequency transceiver is also reduced, so thatcosts of an antenna that is used are also reduced.

FIG. 4a is a schematic diagram of a compositional structure of anotherembodiment of a multi-frequency transceiver. In specific implementation,a multi-frequency transceiver 4 in this embodiment of the presentinvention may include m3 transceiver multiplexers 41 (where m3 is apositive integer, and represents a quantity of connected channelsbetween a multiplexer and an antenna array, and for ease of subsequentdescription, in FIG. 4a , a value of m3 is 6), and each transceivermultiplexer 41 is connected to a port (ANT1, . . . , ANTN in FIG. 4a ,where N=m3) of an antenna, so as to receive or transmit a radiofrequency signal in each frequency band in different array directions ofthe antenna. Further, as shown in FIG. 4a , all the transceivermultiplexers 41 may be k3-plexers, where k3 represents all frequencybands that are supported by the multi-frequency transceiver 4, forexample, k3 may be 3, 4, or another value. In specific implementation, aspecific frequency band supported by the multi-frequency transceiver inthis embodiment of the present invention may be determined according toa network requirement. For ease of description, in FIG. 4a , an examplein which a value of k3 is 3, and the three frequency bands may be 1800,2100, and 2600 separately is used.

In specific implementation, the transceiver multiplexer 41 in thisembodiment of the present invention may include a single transmit path,which is used to transmit one frequency band by using the antenna, andmeanwhile, the transceiver multiplexer 41 further includes at least onereceive path, where each receive path is used to receive one frequencyband by using the antenna. In this embodiment, the frequency bandreceived by the transceiver multiplexer 41 includes a signal that is ina same frequency band as the transmitted frequency band and a signalthat is in a frequency band different from the transmitted frequencyband. For example, when the value of k3 is 3 and the supported frequencybands are 1800, 2100, and 2600, the transceiver multiplexer 41 may beconfigured to transmit a signal in the 1800 frequency band and receivethe 1800 frequency band simultaneously, and on this basis, may furtherreceive a signal in the 2100 frequency band and/or the 2600 frequencyband; or the transceiver multiplexer 41 may be configured to transmit asignal in the 2100 frequency band and receive the 2100 frequency band atthe same time, and on this basis, may further receive a signal in the1800 frequency band and/or the 2600 frequency band; or the transceivermultiplexer 41 may be configured to transmit a signal of the 2600frequency band and receive the 2600 frequency band at the same time, andon this basis, may further receive a signal in the 2100 frequency bandand/or the 1800 frequency band. Specifically, reference may be made toan example in FIG. 4a . When the value of m3 is 6, the six transceivermultiplexers 41 may be classified into three multiplexer groups, andeach multiplexer group includes two multiplexers. A transceivermultiplexer 41 connected to an antenna port ANT1 and a transceivermultiplexer 41 connected to an antenna port ANT4 are a first group, andreceive and transmit frequency bands of the first group of transceivermultiplexers 41 are arranged as: 2600RX-1800RX-1800TX. A transceivermultiplexer 41 connected to an antenna port ANT2 and a transceivermultiplexer 41 connected to an antenna port ANT5 are a second group, andreceive and transmit frequency bands of the second group of transceivermultiplexers 41 are arranged as: 2100RX-2100TX-1800RX. a transceivermultiplexer 41 connected to an antenna port ANT3 and a transceivermultiplexer 41 connected to an antenna port ANT6 are a third group, andreceive and transmit frequency bands of the third group of transceivermultiplexers 41 are arranged as: 2600TX-2600RX-2100RX.

Further, FIG. 4b is another representation manner of the architecture ofFIG. 4a . In FIG. 4b , an antenna is represented by an antenna plane,and each “x” in FIG. 4b represents two polarization directions of onecolumn of antennas, and small blocks below the antenna plane in FIG. 4bare respectively ports ANT1, . . . , ANTN of the antenna. For ease ofdescription, in FIG. 4b , a value of N is 6 and the value of k3 is 3.T/R1 in FIG. 4b represents a receive and transmit interface of atriplexer that is in FIG. 4a and that is connected to ANT1, and threearrows under T/R1 represent receive and transmit frequency bands (whichare arranged as: 2600RX-1800RX-1800TX) of the triplexer. T/R2 in FIG. 4brepresents a receive and transmit interface of a triplexer that is inFIG. 4a and that is connected to ANT2, and arrows under T/R2 representreceive and transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:2100RX-2100TX-1800RX) of the triplexer. T/R3 in FIG. 4b represents areceive and transmit interface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 4a andthat is connected to ANT3, and arrows under T/R3 represent receive andtransmit frequency bands (which are arranged as: 2600TX-2600RX-2100RX)of the triplexer. T/R4 in FIG. 4b represents a receive and transmitinterface of a triplexer that is in FIG. 4a and that is connected toANT4, and three arrows under T/R4 represent receive and transmitfrequency bands (which are arranged as: 2600RX-1800RX-1800TX) of thetriplexer. T/R5 in FIG. 4b represents a receive and transmit interfaceof a triplexer that is in FIG. 4a and that is connected to ANT5, andarrows under T/R5 represent receive and transmit frequency bands (whichare arranged as: 2100RX-2100TX-1800RX) of the triplexer. T/R6 in FIG. 4brepresents a receive and transmit interface of a triplexer that is inFIG. 4a and that is connected to ANT6, and arrows under T/R6 representreceive and transmit frequency bands (which are arranged as:2600TX-2600RX-2100RX) of the triplexer. It should be noted that, FIG. 4aand FIG. 4b are a structure of a multi-frequency transceiver by using anexample in which m3 is 6 and k3 is 3. In specific implementation,according to different values of m3 and k3, a quantity of transceivermultiplexers included in the multi-frequency transceiver may bedifferent, and quantities of frequencies that are specificallytransmitted and received by each transceiver multiplexer are alsodifferent. However, the embodiment shown in FIG. 4a shows that atransmit frequency and a receive frequency that are of a multiplexer areset on a premise that the transmit frequency and the receive frequencymeet a same frequency band, and that a signal of another inter-frequencyis received, so that an interval between frequencies on each multiplexeris increased, and therefore, when the multi-frequency transceiver shownin FIG. 4a of this embodiment of the present invention is used, comparedwith a solution that a sixplexer is used to perform receiving andtransmitting at the same time, an interval between frequency bands oneach multiplexer is increased (to be specific: an interval betweenfrequency bands of each multiplexer in FIG. 4b is larger than that inFIG. 1b ). Therefore, the multi-frequency transceiver shown in FIG. 4aof this embodiment reduces a requirement for suppression of atransceiver filter channel of a multiplexer. In addition, because afrequency interval between frequency bands transmitted or frequencybands received on a same multiplexer is enlarged, a quantity of cavitiesof a filter of the multiplexer may be reduced, which facilitatesmultiplexer miniaturization, and in this way, an accompanying insertionloss is also reduced. In addition, after receiving and transmitting areseparated, an intermodulation requirement on an antenna is also reduced,and a performance requirement on a multi-antenna of a multi-frequencytransceiver is also reduced, so that costs of an antenna that is usedare also reduced.

Accordingly, an embodiment provides a base station, and the base stationmay include the multi-frequency transceiver in the foregoingembodiments.

In summary, what is described above is merely exemplary embodiments ofthe technical solutions of the present invention, but is not intended tolimit the protection scope of the present invention. Any modification,equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from thespirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within theprotection scope of the present invention.

What is claimed is:
 1. A multi-frequency transceiver, comprising: m2multiplexers, wherein each multiplexer of the m2 multiplexers isconfigured to transmit and receive signals in k2 frequency bands, m2 andk2 are both integers, m2≥2, k2>2, and wherein each multiplexer of the m2multiplexers respectively comprises: a respective single transmit path,wherein the respective signal transmit path of each of the m2multiplexers is configured to transmit a signal in one respectivefrequency band of the k2 frequency bands using a respective antenna; andat least two respective receive paths, wherein each receive path of theat least two respective receive paths of each of the m2 multiplexers isconfigured to separately receive, using the respective antenna, a signalin one respective frequency band of the k2 frequency bands that isdifferent from any other of the at least two respective receive paths;and wherein, for each of the m2 multiplexers, the one respectivefrequency band of the signal transmitted by the respective singletransmit path of the respective m2 multiplexer is a different frequencyband than each frequency band of each signal received by any receivepath of the respective multiplexer; and wherein the m2 multiplexerscomprise N multiplexers, and in each multiplexer of the N multiplexers,a respective frequency band transmitted by a transmit path of therespective multiplexer is one of N frequency bands, a respectivefrequency band comprised in each respective receive path of therespective multiplexer is one of the N frequency bands, and a respectivefrequency band transmitted by a respective transmit path in eachmultiplexer is different from a respective frequency band transmitted bya respective transmit path in any other multiplexer in the Nmultiplexers, and wherein N is a positive integer greater than
 2. 2. Themulti-frequency transceiver according to claim 1, wherein the Nmultiplexers comprise M multiplexers, and each multiplexer in the Mmultiplexers comprises a same quantity of receive paths, wherein M is apositive integer greater than 1 and less than N.
 3. The multi-frequencytransceiver according to claim 1, wherein the N multiplexers comprise amultiplexer in which a quantity of receive paths is different from aquantity of receive paths in another multiplexer of the N multiplexers.4. The multi-frequency transceiver according to claim 1, wherein in theN multiplexers a total quantity of receive paths that receive afrequency band in the N frequency bands is the same as a total quantityof receive paths that receive another frequency band in the N frequencybands.
 5. The multi-frequency transceiver according to claim 1, whereinthe N frequency bands comprise a frequency band in which a totalquantity of receive paths that receive the frequency band in the Nmultiplexers is different from a total quantity of receive paths thatreceive another frequency band in the N frequency bands in the Nmultiplexers.
 6. The multi-frequency transceiver according to claim 1,wherein m2=6, and k2=3.
 7. The multi-frequency transceiver according toclaim 6, wherein the k2 frequency bands comprise: a frequency band 1800,a frequency band 2100, and a frequency band 2600, wherein the frequencyband 1800 comprises receiving frequencies of 1710 MHz-1785 MHz andtransmitting frequencies of 1805 MHz-188 oMHz, the frequency band 2100comprises receiving frequencies of 1920 MHz-1980 MHz and transmittingfrequencies of 2110 MHz-2170 MHz, and the frequency band 2600 comprisesreceiving frequencies of 2500 MHz-2570 MHz and transmitting frequenciesof 2620 MHz-2690 MHz.
 8. The multi-frequency transceiver according toclaim 7, wherein the m2 multiplexers comprise: a first multiplexer,comprising a transmit path for transmitting signals in the frequencyband 1800, and two receive paths for separately receiving signals in thefrequency band 2100 and the frequency band 2600; a second multiplexer,comprising a transmit path for transmitting signals in the frequencyband 2100, and two receive paths for separately receiving signals in thefrequency band 1800 and the frequency band 2600; and a thirdmultiplexer, comprising a transmit path for transmitting signals in thefrequency band 2600, and two receive paths for separately receivingsignals in frequency band 1800 and the frequency band
 2100. 9. A device,comprising a multi-frequency transceiver, comprising m2 multiplexers fortransmitting and receiving signals in k2 frequency bands, wherein m2 andk2 are both integers, m2≥2, k2>2, and wherein each multiplexer of the m2multiplexers respectively comprises: a respective single transmit path,wherein the respective signal transmit path of each of the m2multiplexers is configured to transmit a signal in one respectivefrequency band from the k2 frequency bands using a respective antenna;and at least two respective receive paths, wherein each of the at leasttwo respective receive paths of each of the m2 multiplexers is used toseparately receive, using the respective antenna, a signal in onerespective frequency band from the k2 frequency bands that is differentfrom any other of the at least two respective receive paths; andwherein, for each of the m2 multiplexers, the one respective frequencyband of the signal transmitted by the respective single transmit path ofthe respective m2 multiplexer is a different frequency band than eachfrequency band of each signal received by any receive path of therespective multiplexer; and wherein the m2 multiplexers comprises Nmultiplexers, and in each multiplexer of the N multiplexers, arespective frequency band transmitted by a transmit path of therespective multiplexer is one of N frequency bands, a respectivefrequency band comprised in each respective receive path of therespective multiplexer is one of the N frequency bands, and a respectivefrequency band transmitted by a respective transmit path in eachmultiplexer is different from a respective frequency band transmitted bya respective transmit path in any other multiplexer in the Nmultiplexers, wherein N is a positive integer greater than
 2. 10. Thedevice according to claim 9, wherein the N multiplexers comprise Mmultiplexers, and each multiplexer in the M multiplexers comprises asame quantity of receive paths, wherein M is a positive integer greaterthan 1 and less than N.
 11. The device according to claim 9, wherein theN multiplexers comprise a multiplexer in which a quantity of receivepaths is different from a quantity of receive paths in anothermultiplexer of the N multiplexers.
 12. The device according to claim 9,wherein in the N multiplexers a total quantity of receive paths thatreceive a frequency band in the N frequency bands is the same as a totalquantity of receive paths that receive another frequency band in the Nfrequency bands.
 13. The device according to claim 9, wherein the Nfrequency bands comprise a frequency band in which a total quantity ofreceive paths that receive the frequency band in the N multiplexers isdifferent from a total quantity of receive paths that receive anotherfrequency band in the N frequency bands in the N multiplexers.